(1993) Clinical signs and radiographic diagnosis ofĪ portosystemic shunt in a foal. Hillyer, M.H., Holt, P.E., Barr, F.J., Weaver, B.M.Q., Brown, P.J. II (2001) Three dimensional CT angiography of spontaneous portosytemic shunts. (2002) Outcome of ameroid constrictor occlusion of single congenital extrahepatic portosystemic shunts inĬats: 12 cases (1993-2000). Treatment in dogs with a congenital portosystemic shunt. (2010) Comparison of survival after surgical or medical Greenhalgh, S.N., Dunning, M.D., McKinley, T.J., Goodfellow, M.R., Kelman, K.R., Freitag, T., O ’Neill, E.J., Hall, E.J., Watson, P.J. (2003) Helical computed tomographic portography in ten normal dogs and tendĭogs with a portosystemic shunt. (1996) The diagnosis and surgical correction of congenital portosystemic vascularĪnomalies in two calves and two foals. J.įortier, L.A., Fubini, S.L., Flanders, J.A. (1974) Hepatic insuf flciencyĪssociated with congenital anamolies of the portal vein in dogs. (1990) Historical physical examination and clinicopathologic features of portosystemic anomalies in theĮwing, G.O., Suter, P.E. (1985) Evaluation of serum bile acid concentrations for theĭiagnosis of portosystemic venous anomalies in the dog and cat.Ĭenter, S.A. (2011) Outcomes of cats undergoing surgical attenuation of congenitalĮxtrahepatic portosystemic shunts through cellophane banding: 9Ĭases (2000-2007). Vet.Ĭabassu, J., Seim, H.B., MacPhail, C.M. (1988) Clinical andĭiagnostic features of a portosystemic shunt in a foal. (1988) Congenital portosystemic shunts in the cat. Comp.īlaxter, A.C., Holt, P.E., Person, G.R., Gibbs, C. No confiicts of interest have been declared.īeech, J., Dubelzig, R. Management of Portosystemic shunts in foals is possible. With advances in diagnostic imaging andĬollaborative efforts of veterinarians, successful surgical TreatmentĬonsists of medical management with the goal to lowerĪmmonia levels and stabilisation of the patient until surgeryĬan be performed. Of serum bile acids and blood ammonia, along withĭiagnostic imaging angiography or portography. Thorough history, clinical signs and laboratory concentrations Gastrointestinal clinical signs along with poor growth.ĭiagnosis should be made using a combination of a However, the condition should beĬonsidered if a foal presents with central nervous system and In summary, portosystemic shunts tend to be a rare Prevention of portal hypertension and personal preference of the surgeon. Portosystemic shunts depends upon the type of shunt, Overall, it appears that surgical technique to correct They were also able to utilise the expertise of their small animal colleagues inĭeciding how to approach the case. Utilised including a ventral midline approach. Since the foal was a miniature horse and 20 kg, the technique similar to dogs and cats could be The case report by Woodford et al.(2017)ĭiscussed the use of a ligature to surgically correct anĮxtrahepatic shunt. 1997 MartensĮt al.2009) and one with surgical ligation Literature, 2 with transvenous coil embolisation (McCornico et al. Three successful surgical corrections ofĮxtrahepatic shunts in foals have been described in the Reported using cellophane banding for an intrahepatic shuntĢ012). In foals, only one successful surgical intervention has been Slowly compress the shunt when portal hypertension needs to be prevented. Youmans and Hunt 1998 Havig and Tobias 2002 Kyles et al.Ģ002 Hurn and Edwards 2003 Lipscomb et al.2007).Ĭellophane bands and ameroid constrictors are utilised to In small animals including ameroid constrictors, cellophaneīands or ligatures (Swalec and Smeak 1990 Vogt et al. Various surgical techniques have been previously utilised Spectrum antimicrobials and metronidazole, anti-infiammatory Management in foals is similar to dogs with the use of broad. Term medical management prior to surgery. However, foals are typically treated with short. Medical management has not been previously reported
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